Aged Weight Loss Leads

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what is relation between blood lead levels&numbness,convulsion,headache,fatigue,GITdisorder,weight loss & age?

I am student in master in biochemistry, and my topic of search is =b blood lead level in pregnant women and its poisoning

The internal body levels of lead are dangerous, as it has effects on the central nervous system (CNS), kidney and heart. Nevertheless, the emergence of synthetic dye industry has led to a variety of chemical dyes and salts being produced at a cheaper price.

Diagnosis involves determining the history of exposure, physical findings, and an elevated body burden of lead. Blood lead level analysis may be used to determine the appropriate course of treatment. In cases of one-off acute poisoning it is important to carry out blood testing as soon as possible after exposure to accurately gauge the extent of poisoning, since over time the concentration of lead in the blood will reduce as lead is excreted and also absorbed into the body. Severe acute poisoning would be considered a medical emergency.

In all types of poisoning the source of lead should be identified and exposure to it reduced. Chelation therapy may be administered to reduce not only blood lead levels but also, importantly, overall body burden. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved chelating agents for lead are:
•DMSA
•EDTA
•Dimercaprol

Lead contaminated soil can pose a risk through direct ingestion, uptake in vegetable gardens, or tracking into homes. Uncontaminated soil contains lead concentrations less than 50 ppm but soil lead levels in many urban areas exceed 200 ppm. (AAP 1993) The EPA’s standard for lead in bare soil in play areas is 400 ppm by weight and 1200 ppm for non-play areas. This regulation applies to cleanup projects using federal funds. The soil screening level (SSL) for lead represents a conservative estimate for a level that would be protective of public health in residential soils based on an analysis of the direct ingestion pathway for children.

US rules and regulations :
•In 1998, the US Government instituted regulations which limit the amount of lead in toys and other consumer products which are expected to be used by infants to 0.06% (or 600 ppm).
•Ten µg/dL (micrograms /deciliter) was adopted by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in 1991 as an action level for children, an advisory level for environmental and educational intervention, though the agency acknowledges that – Recent studies have suggested possible neurodevelopmental effects concentrations of less than 10 µg/dL.
• In 2006 the Lead Poisoning Reduction Act was introduced to protect children from lead poisoning by requiring all non-home-based child care facilities (i.e., Head Start and kindergartens) to be lead-safe within five years.
• In early 2008, the watchdog Food and Drug Administration ordered several US retail stores and malls to remove bindi and sindoor from their shelves due to concerns over high lead and other harmful chemical contents.
• In October 2008, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency‎ (EPA) reduced the allowable lead level by a factor of ten to 0.15 micrograms of lead per cubic meter of air (ug/m3).
• States will have five years to comply with the standards. Tightening the allowable level will primarily affect smelters, iron and steel foundries, and the aviation industry.

Lead poisoning (also known as saturnism, plumbism, Devon colic, or painter’s colic) is a medical condition caused by increased levels of the metal lead in the blood. Lead may cause irreversible neurological damage as well as renal disease, cardiovascular effects, and reproductive toxicity.

SYMPTOMS : The symptoms of chronic lead poisoning include neurological problems, such as permanent and temporary reduced cognitive abilities, or nausea, abdominal pain, irritability, impotence, insomnia, metal taste in the mouth, excess lethargy or hyperactivity, chest pain, headache and, in extreme cases, seizures, comas, and death. There are also associated gastrointestinal problems, such as constipation, diarrhea, vomiting, poor appetite, weight loss, which are common in acute poisoning. Other associated effects are anemia, kidney problems, and reproductive problems.

Neuropathy, learning disabilities and behavior
It has been shown to cause permanently reduced cognitive capacity (intelligence) in children, with apparently no lower threshold to the dose-response relationship (unlike other heavy metals such as mercury).

Lead affects the peripheral and central nervous system. The most common sign of peripheral neuropathy due to chronic lead poisoning is painless wristdrop (weakness of the extensor muscles of hand) which usually develops after many weeks of exposure. A direct link between early lead exposure and learning disabilities has been confirmed by multiple researchers and child advocacy groups.

Most lead poisoning symptoms are thought to occur by interfering with an essential enzyme delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, or ALAD. ALAD is a zinc-binding protein which is important in the biosynthesis of heme, the cofactor found in hemoglobin. Genetic mutations of ALAD cause the disease porphyria, and while lead poisoning is somet

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